Understanding the Varieties of Acoustic Guitars: Spanish Guitars vs Classical Guitars

When it comes to the world of acoustic guitars, a Spanish guitar is often synonymous with a classical guitar. Both terms typically refer to a versatile instrument that holds a distinct place in both classical music and popular genres. This article aims to clarify the similarities, differences, and the context in which these guitars are used.

Common Usage of Classical and Spanish Guitars

In common usage, the terms “classical guitar” and “Spanish guitar” are virtually synonymous. Essentially, these terms describe a lightly braced acoustic guitar with a medium-sized body, a wide fingerboard, and a bridge designed to facilitate fingerpicking. The history and design of these guitars have strong ties to Spain, often leading to the popularity of the name “Spanish guitar.” However, it’s important to note that modern classical guitars are not always made in Spain anymore.

Characteristics of Classical or Spanish Guitars

These guitars are characterized by their nylon strings, which are different from the steel strings found on traditional acoustic guitars. The wide neck and body design make them ideal for fingerstyle playing, allowing for intricate and melodic performances. Unlike steel-string guitars, which are often strummed and played with a pick, classical guitars are predominantly played with fingers or a small pick.

Origins and Design

Modern classical guitars originated in Spain and are often referred to as "Spanish guitars." However, the design and manufacture of these guitars have spread globally, with world-class instruments being produced in various parts of the EU, Australia, Asia, and the USA. Notably, the neck/body joint is located at the 12th fret, which aids in fingerpicking techniques.

Versatility in Music Genres

Despite their association with classical music, these guitars are highly versatile and can be used for various genres. From pop to jazz, and various Latin styles, the classical guitar has found its place in diverse musical landscapes. Renowned musicians like The Beatles, Eric Clapton, George Benson, and Metallica have incorporated classical guitars into their music, demonstrating its adaptability.

Differences from Flamenco Guitars

While traditional classical or Spanish guitars share similar designs with flamenco guitars, there are crucial differences. Flamenco guitars, designed specifically for flamenco music, feature unique modifications such as the addition of golpeadores, which are special tap plates that protect the top of the guitar from percussive playing. These plates are typically white in color, but modern versions are often transparent and inconspicuous.

Flamenco guitars often have a slightly different neck angle and less neck relief curvature. Historically, some flamenco guitars used old-style violin pegs instead of modern geared tuners, though this is mostly for aesthetic reasons. Additionally, flamenco guitars are engineered to produce a “drier” more percussive sound, trading off sustain for increased volume, similar to a banjo.

Classical Guitar Terminology

It’s noteworthy that the famous classical guitar teacher, Aaron Shearer, referred to the instrument as the "Classic" guitar, emphasizing its enduring quality. This term was used to distance these instruments from the notion that they are exclusively for classical or Spanish/Flamenco music, or that they must be made in Spain. Today, world-class concert-level classical guitars are produced in various locations, including the EU, Australia, Asia, and the USA.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the terms "Spanish guitar" and "classical guitar" refer to the same versatile instrument, designed for fingerpicking with nylon strings. While there are subtle differences between classical guitars and flamenco guitars, both serve distinct musical purposes. Whether you're playing classical, flamenco, or any other genre, these guitars provide a rich musical experience, capturing the essence of timeless craftsmanship and musical diversity.