Understanding the Mechanism Behind Electronic Musical Instruments

Electronic musical instruments have revolutionized the way we create and listen to music. From synthesizers to digital pianos, these instruments utilize sophisticated technology to produce a vast array of sounds and effects. This article will explore the two main components of electronic musical instruments: the sound generation module and the triggering mechanism.

The Sound Generation Module

At the heart of every electronic musical instrument lies the sound generation module. This critical component is responsible for creating audio waves, which can then be amplified, mixed, and played back to an audience or recorded for later use. The sound generation module typically employs one of three distinct methods to produce audio or sound waves:

Digitized Samples

The first method involves digitized samples. In this process, the actual sounds of an instrument are captured by a microphone and converted into digital format, stored in memory, and then recalled and played back on demand. Electric pianos and drum machines commonly use this technology, resulting in a highly realistic sound that closely mimics the actual instrument.

Synthesized Sounds

Alternatively, synthesizers create sounds through internal algorithms and various control mechanisms that shape, mix, and process the sounds as you manipulate the dials and controls. While these sounds may not be as realistic as sampled sounds, they offer immense flexibility and creativity. Synthesized sounds can be manipulated to become dreamy, emotional, or entirely new and unique, providing musicians with a wide range of expressive possibilities.

Hybrid Processors

Hybrid processors offer the best of both worlds. By plugging in external instruments such as guitars or bass, users can manipulate and transform natural sounds into extraordinary combinations of familiar and fantastical tones. This method combines sampled and synthesized elements, allowing for unprecedented creativity and innovation in sound design.

The Triggering Mechanism

With the sound generated, the next critical component is the triggering mechanism. This system allows users to command the sound generator to produce specific sounds, pitches, durations, and volumes. There are several ways to achieve this:

Electronic Keyboards and MIDI Signals

One of the most common methods is through electronic keyboards. These keyboards input pitch, duration, and even volume using MIDI signals, a standardized communication protocol. MIDI signals allow users to control the sound generator precisely, making it easy to produce a wide range of sounds and effects.

Drum Pads and Triggers

Specialized drum pads or triggers mounted on actual drums can also be used to send signals to the processor, creating a wide array of drum sounds. Users can also program the unit to generate perfect drum patterns, inputting these commands to the sound generator module.

Analogue-to-Digital Converters and Picks

For instruments like guitars, a pickup is often used to generate signals. These pickups detect the vibrations of the strings and convert them into electrical signals, which the sound generation module can then process. For horns, a pickup placed at the mouthpiece can generate signals, mimicking the natural sound of the instrument.

Apps and MIDI Commands

In today's digital age, apps on PCs or tablets can also generate signals or play files containing MIDI commands. These commands request specific sounds from the generator module, allowing for intricate and precise control over the sound production process.

Electronic musical instruments have come a long way, offering musicians a wide range of tools to express their creativity. By understanding the sound generation module and the triggering mechanism, one can appreciate the complex interplay of technology and artistry that makes these instruments so compelling.