Introduction

When it comes to the evaluation of Russian T-72s as main battle tanks (MBTs), a multitude of factors come into play. This article will explore the various reasons why these tanks have been considered significant, as well as their current status and utility within modern military contexts.

The Cost Factor

Cost: One of the key advantages of Russian T-72s is their cost-effectiveness. A large number of these tanks have been manufactured over the years, which has driven down the unit price significantly. Additionally, the surplus inventory of T-72s allows them to be relatively inexpensive compared to newer, more advanced tanks. This economic advantage makes T-72s a preferred choice for many countries with limited defense budgets.

Upgrade Capabilities

Upgradeable: The T-72's remarkable upgradeability stands out. Thousands of existing surplus tanks can be transformed into more modern 3G (Third Generation) tanks through a relatively modest investment of a few hundred thousand dollars per vehicle. In some cases, a complete factory rebuild and upgrade might require a higher cost but remains a feasible option. This capability ensures that T-72s can maintain relevance in evolving combat scenarios.

Maintainability

Maintainability: The T-72 has proven to be much easier and cheaper to maintain in the field compared to many other tanks. This reduced maintenance cost and complexity make it a practical choice for militaries that require reliable, low-maintenance vehicles.

Transportability and Mobility

Transportable and Mobility: The T-72's relatively small size and weight allow it to be transported more easily using trucks, trains, and planes. This characteristic is particularly advantageous in situations where larger tanks might be restricted due to size and weight constraints. Additionally, the T-72's deep-fording capabilities, unlike those of the M1 Abrams, make it more suitable for off-road and swampy terrains, enhancing its operational flexibility.

Historical Context

Historical Significance: In 1972, the T-72 was a cutting-edge MBT, designed to replace the T-62. However, by 1991, it had become outdated. Despite this, many countries continue to use T-72s due to the aforementioned cost-effectiveness and maintenance advantages. These tanks have played a crucial role in several military conflicts and peacekeeping operations.

Modern Challenges

Modern Challenges: A more pertinent question might be, “Are T-72s still viable MBTs?” Given the rapid advancements in military technology, it is clear that the T-72 has limitations. The turret-centric ammunition storage system, which leads to a higher risk of turret explosions, poses a significant disadvantage. Additionally, the relatively long exposure time of T-72 crew members makes them vulnerable to modern anti-tank weapons and tactics.

Conclusion

Conclusion: While T-72s have been invaluable assets for many countries, their continued use raises questions about their current effectiveness as MBTs. The combination of cost savings, upgradeability, and maintainability makes them a practical choice for nations with limited budgets. However, transitioning to more modern MBTs is increasingly becoming a priority for militaries aiming to stay ahead in the evolving landscape of warfare.