The Meaning and Interpretation of Continuous Pedaling Markings in Piano Sheet Music: An Analysis of 'Jeux d’eau' by Ravel
When interpreting piano sheet music, often the pedal markings can be ambiguous, especially when a symbol like the sustain pedal notation 'P.Ed.' or simply 'P' without an asterisk (e.g.,PG 4 of Jeux d’eau) is used multiple times in succession. These notations suggest continuous pedaling and a sustained sound throughout the indicated section.
Understanding Continuous Pedaling Markings
In piano sheet music, the symbol 'P' used without an asterisk typically indicates that the pianist should continuously hold down the sustain pedal. This symbol, when repeated without any breaks or asterisks, suggests that the pedal should remain down throughout the measures or passages.
For example, in the context of Ravel's 'Jeux d’eau,' the repeated pedal markings can indicate that the composer intends for the pedal to create a lush, sustained sound throughout that section of music. The absence of any lift instruction (like an asterisk) suggests that the pedal should remain down, allowing for a smooth and blended sound that enhances the harmonic texture. However, as with many musical instructions, the interpretation of these markings can vary, and performers should use their musical judgment to achieve the desired effect.
Technical Considerations in Continuous Pedaling
When aiming to achieve a continuous pedaling effect, it's crucial to experiment with different pedal pressures and timed releases to achieve the desired legato (smooth) effect while maintaining clarity in the music. Performers must consider the acoustics of the piano and any personal interpretation of the piece, as these factors can influence the optimal approach to continuous pedaling.
For instance, in 'Jeux d’eau,' the piece is meant to evoke the sound of water sprays from a fountain, demanding a clean, bright sound. Therefore, it's important to avoid blurring the sound too much with continuous pedaling, as you might do when playing a piece like Debussy's 'Reflets dans l’eau,' which allows for more sustained and blended sound passages.
Interpreting Other Pedal Notations
Understanding other pedal markings is equally important for accurate interpretation. For example, a simple pedal symbol 'P' with a representation without an asterisk signifies continuous pedaling. However, if there's an asterisk after the symbol, it indicates that the pedal should be lifted and then brought straight back down to the same position. The asterisk sign (e.g., *P) means to lift the pedal and leave it up until the next pedal symbol appears.
Another crucial notation is when a symbol like 'P' is followed by a change in pedal notation, such as a change from a 'P' to a 'Z' (pedal shift symbol). This means you should lift the pedal slightly to clear the sound sustained by the pedal, then put it down again immediately. This technique helps maintain clarity in the music without completely breaking the sustained sound.
Conclusion
The interpretation of continuous pedaling markings in piano sheet music is an intricate process that requires a deep understanding of the composer's intent, the style of the piece, and the technical capabilities of the piano and performer. By paying attention to these nuances, pianists can effectively enhance the musical expressions in compositions like Ravel's 'Jeux d’eau' and achieve the desired sound and clarity.