Mozart and Beethoven: Their Deep Admiration for J.S. Bach's Music
Introduction
The classical music world reveres J.S. Bach as one of the greatest composers of all time. Yet, how deeply did Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven appreciate Bach's music? This article explores the relationship between these three iconic composers, shedding light on their admiration and the profound influence Bach's works had on their music.
Comparative Influences
Mozart and Beethoven both acknowledged Bach as the paramount figure in music. This recognition is notably expressed in the words of Beethoven: “Bach is the father. We are the children.” Mozart shared a similar sentiment, stating: “Of all the composers who have ever been, only Bach is absolutely great and infinitely profound.”
On the other hand, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, a noted Russian composer, had a contrasting view, observing: “Bach’s music is at best mediocre.” However, it is important to recognize that such opinions reflect the compositions of an era different from Bach's, highlighting the evolution of musical tastes over centuries.
The Influence of Handel
It is worth noting that the influence of Bach was often felt through the works of other composers. Mozart, in particular, transcribed some of George Frideric Handel's compositions, including the Messiah. His re-orchestration was described as “stunning” and demonstrated his deep understanding of Bach’s and Handel’s works.
The Influence on Musical Craft
Mozart and Beethoven were deeply impressed by Bach's mastery of counterpoint, an art which involved weaving multiple melodies into a single complex composition, often in forms such as fugues. Beethoven spent a significant part of his life attempting to compose a great fugue, but it remains an open question whether he succeeded in this endeavor.
Mozart, on the other hand, thoroughly studied Bach’s music and incorporated counterpoint extensively into his own compositions. His late symphonies and operas are celebrated for the numerous, simultaneous parts that create a glorious and inspiring sound. The complexity and depth of his work owe a significant debt to Bach's teachings.
The Impact on Composition
Both Mozart and Beethoven were immensely influenced by Bach’s music, devoting considerable effort to studying it. This engagement was not merely theoretical; it significantly shaped their own compositional techniques and styles. As Beethoven once remarked about Bach, "He should not be called Bach, which in German means ‘brook,’ but Meer, which means ‘ocean.’" This vivid imagery underscores the vast influence and the breadth of Bach's musical oeuvre.
Conclusion
The admiration for Bach's music among Mozart and Beethoven is a testament to Bach’s enduring legacy. While quantitative measures may be elusive, the qualitative impact of his work is profound and long-lasting. His music continues to inspire composers and musicians alike, keeping his place in music history secure and celebrated.