Why Were JS Bach's Compositions Initially Regarded as Inferior to Those of Haydn, Handel, and Vivaldi Despite His Technical Proficiency?
Have you ever heard someone dismissing Johann Sebastian Bach's music as being inferior to that of his contemporaries, such as Haydn, Handel, and Vivaldi? It's surprising to see such outdated beliefs persist. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind this initial dismissal and why modern critics now consider Bach to be the greatest of all classical composers.
Initial Rejection of Bach’s Music
When JS Bach died at the age of 65, he was largely considered outdated and old-fashioned by his contemporaries (Turkington, 2006). Critics at the time believed that his music, particularly in the realm of counterpoint and fugue, fell out of favor as the galante style gained prominence. This style featured light, homophonic textures with minimal counterpoint, focusing on pleasant melodies and simple accompaniment (Hacettepe University, 2019).
Modern Appreciation of Bach’s Contributions
However, modern critics hold a different view. They consider JS Bach to be the greatest of all classical composers, well ahead of Haydn, Handel, and Vivaldi (Goldberg, 2023). This change in perception can be attributed to multiple factors, including the availability of high-quality recordings and the broader context of changing tastes and fashions.
Modern listeners can enjoy a diverse range of recordings, allowing them to appreciate Bach's complexities and masterful compositions. While Bach was composing during a period when live performances were limited, the number of high-quality performers was also limited. This limitation affected the public's ability to fully appreciate his work (Lambert, 2015).
The Revival of Bach's Music
It was only in the 19th century, following the revival of interest in Bach's music by Felix Mendelssohn, that Bach began to be widely recognized as the supreme master of music (Brandenburg, 2017). Mendelssohn's concert performance of Bach's "St. Matthew Passion" in 1829 marked a pivotal moment in Bach's newfound appreciation by the public and the music world.
Bach's masterful use of counterpoint and fugue, which were considered outdated at the time, is now celebrated as a hallmark of his compositional genius. His work in the Baroque high style is particularly renowned. Critics of the time misunderstood the depth and complexity of Bach's music, which required a more refined understanding of musical theory and technique to fully appreciate.
Conclusion
While JS Bach's work was not initially recognized for its full potential, modern listeners and critics have come to appreciate his unparalleled mastery of music. The shift in perception is not only due to improved technology and more accessible recordings but also due to a broader appreciation for the nuances and technical sophistication of Baroque music. Bach's compositions, such as the B-minor Mass, stand as testaments to his genius and continue to inspire musicians and music lovers alike.