Introduction

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, the legendary 18th-century composer, often appears as a romantic figure, his name synonymous with musical genius and mystery. One of the most enduring questions surrounding his work is the mysterious death of the Lacrimosa during his final composition, which has sparked a great deal of debate and speculation. This article delves into the truth behind the claim that Mozart may have completed the Lacrimosa while dying, and examines the historical context that led to this belief.

Did Mozart Die While Composing the Lacrimosa?

Mozart's death in 1791 was marked by a series of tragic events, including his inability to compose music due to a swollen body. At the time, he was working on the Requiem, a piece of music that has since become one of his most evocative and mournful compositions. Traditional narratives suggest that Mozart was preparing to complete the Lacrimosa, the final movement of the Requiem, when he expired. However, recent research offers a more nuanced understanding of his last days and the circumstances surrounding the completion of the Requiem.

The Final Days and Illness

According to historical records, Mozart was struggling with a severe illness just a few days before his death. His close friend and physician, Gottfried Voight, recorded that Mozart's abdomen was swollen and filled with fluid, making it almost impossible for him to sit up. He was confined to his bed and unable to compose for several days. His wife, Constanze, and her sister Sophie Hofer recalled that Mozart was in great distress and often called out, trying to communicate with his friends and his students, suggesting that he was attempting to convey his last wishes regarding the completion of the Requiem.

The Legend of Franz Xavier Süssmeyer

There is a widely circulated legend that Mozart instructed his student, Franz Xavier Süssmeyer, to finish the Lacrimosa after his death. This hypothesis was based on the belief that Mozart intended to complete the Lacrimosa with the help of a new student. However, modern scholarship challenges this narrative, pointing out that such an account may have been an attempt to elevate Süssmeyer's reputation posthumously.

Constanze's Decision and the Truth Behind Süssmeyer's Involvement

Recent biographical evidence suggests that Constanze, Mozart's widow, initially asked other composers to finish the Requiem, believing that it would be best to have a professional complete the work. Only after these attempts failed did she seek out Süssmeyer, who was not a primary student of Mozart and was less experienced compared to other composers. This decision was driven by practical considerations rather than the romantic idea of a direct connection between Mozart and his student.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the claim that Mozart composed the Lacrimosa while dying is more likely a romanticized narrative than a historical fact. Historical evidence suggests that Mozart was too ill to complete the Requiem and relied on other composers to finish the work. The involvement of Franz Xavier Süssmeyer, while intriguing, appears to be a myth propagated for his posthumous reputation. By examining the historical context and new evidence, we can better understand the true story of Mozart's final composition and his legacy.

Keywords: Mozart, Lacrimosa, Requiem, Death of a Composer